UPC Analytics
ENDE

Legal issues

Cross-cutting view of legal principles, recurring arguments, and the prior art the court relies on.

Most-litigated legal principles
Recurring legal principles across 1 cases with reasoning extracted. Success rate counts patentee-favorable outcomes only.
PrincipleCasesDecidedPatentee success
cost allocation where patent valid only in non-asserted amended form: patentee bears revocation costs110%
compensation of costs where counter-claimant sought revocation of non-asserted claims that were upheld110%
partial revocation maintains patent in amended claim form under art. 65 upca110%
a claimant may withdraw an infringement action at any time before a final decision if the defendant has no legitimate interest in continuation (r. 265.1 rop)110%
problem-solution approach: realistic starting point must address same technical field and problems110%
inventive step: regulatory constraints (eu mercury prohibition from 2006) as factor forcing skilled person toward alternative110%
common general knowledge of accelerometers in wearable devices at 2009 priority date110%
belated challenges to starting point rejected110%
complete invalidity leads to automatic failure of infringement action without further examination110%
partial opt-out withdrawal: patent must have been opted out first, then withdrawn to confer upc jurisdiction110%
parties may withdraw actions following settlement under r. 265.1 rop; court declares proceedings closed110%
fee reimbursement percentage depends on the stage of proceedings at the time of withdrawal (r. 370.9(b) rop): 20% reimbursed after interim phase, before oral phase110%
the rule 105.5 order can constitute implied notification that the interim phase has ended for purposes of r. 370.9(b) rop110%
leave to appeal on fee reimbursement rules denied where amendment to rules means clarification would have only historical significance110%
re-establishment of rights (r. 320) requires all due care; failure to use cms team function is lack of due care where illness risk is foreseeable11100%
hybrid mushroom strains are not excluded from patentability under art. 53(b) epc11100%
r. 356 set-aside is not available where a prior r. 320 order already put defendant on notice that default decision would be final11100%
decision by default can confirm provisional measures and grant permanent injunction11100%
r. 356.3: where defendant has been warned that further default decision shall be final, set-aside is barred11100%
declaration of non-infringement requires prior assertion of infringement or rejection of a written acknowledgment request (r. 61.1 rop)11100%
Most-rejected arguments
Arguments that the UPC has not accepted, ranked by repeat occurrences across cases.
ArgumentPartyCases
orbisk's food waste monitoring system infringes ep 3 198 245Claimant1
r. 190 rop application for document productionClaimant1
abm's belated (oral hearing) challenge that jp748 is not a realistic starting point for inventive stepClaimant1
dependent claim 2 (adaptive feedback) saves the patentClaimant1
infringement of ep 2 437 696 b2 by philips' sleep therapy devicesClaimant1
representative's illness prevented timely filing of sod and re-establishment of rights under r. 320 should be grantedRespondent1
default decision should be set aside under r. 356 ropRespondent1
counterclaim for declaration of non-infringement of revised product (new product 2) is admissibleRespondent1
patent lacks inventive step / contains added matter (counterclaim for revocation)Respondent1
application to deposit three further physical objects (bb40a-c) as late exhibitsRespondent1
invalidity of ep 2 839 083 b9 as originally granted (revocation counterclaim)Respondent1
infringement is impossible due to features outside the patent claim that prevent the patented function from being achievedRespondent1
literal infringement of claim features 1(d)(iii), 1(h), 1(j) and 1(k)(iii) of ep 1 910 572 by hcr productsClaimant1
infringement by equivalence for the missing 'non-overlapping' feature 1(h)Claimant1
direct infringement of ep 2 263 098 b1 by google's wi-fi positioning productClaimant1
late indirect infringement auxiliary requests introduced in unsolicited september 2025 submissionClaimant1
ep 3 669 828 lacks inventive step and should be revokedRespondent1
cease-and-desist declarations filed by some meril defendants suffice to negate the need for a court injunctionRespondent1
literal infringement of the patent on the medical device (sleep apnea treatment) by orthoapnea and vivisol productsClaimant1
infringement by equivalence of the same patent claimsClaimant1
bioo products do not literally infringe claim 11 of ep 2137782Respondent1
counterclaim for revocation of ep 2137782Respondent1
bioo ed and other products are not essential components for the patented methodRespondent1
Most-cited prior art
References relied on across substantive merits cases, with the role they typically play.
ReferencePredominant roleCases
JP748 (Japanese patent on position therapy device, circa 1990/1991)Novelty-destroying1
P25 (Handbook of Modern Sensors, 2003)Background1
P28 (textbook for sleep medicine, evidencing accelerometers in wrist actigraphy)Background1
WO 2007/001986 A2 (WO986) — EP572 priority documentBackground1
D12, D13, D14 (prior art documents referenced in proceedings)Obviousness combination1