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UPC CFI 15/2023

Jun 26, 2023·EP3646825 · A SYSTEM COMPRISING A PROSTHETIC VALVE AND A DELIVERY CATHETER

Action number: ACT 459987/2023

Case details
Status
Case Closed (Patent infringed)
Action
Infringement
Category
Main infringement action
Parties
Claimants
Representatives
Respondents
Representatives
Division
Munich LD
Technology
  • Instruments
    Medical technology
Language
English
First decided
Aug 1, 2023
Last decision
Nov 15, 2024
How this compares
The court's record for this kind of case, counted in first-instance rulings. A figure in brackets is the number of rulings a rate rests on.
Infringement foundMedian days to first decision
All UPC53% (62/117)124
Munich LDLockedLocked
Judge Matthias ZigannLockedLocked
Judge Margot KokkeLockedLocked
Judge Tobias PichlmaierLockedLocked
Judge Stefan WilhelmLockedLocked

At the UPC: Edwards Lifesciences Group (57 cases)·Meril Group (60 cases)

Decisions
  • 2024-11-15
    Infringement ActionPublic

    Summary: Munich Local Division full merits decision finding that Meril Life Sciences Pvt Ltd and Meril GmbH infringed Edwards Lifesciences Corporation's patent EP 3 646 825 (a heart valve technology patent). The court ordered a permanent injunction to cease and desist from the infringing acts (transcatheter heart valve products) across all UPC contracting states where the patent has effect, recall of infringing products from commercial channels (excluding devices already scheduled for patient implantation by 15 November 2024), destruction of infringing stock, disclosure of information about distribution and quantities, publication of the decision, and an obligation to pay damages (quantum to be determined separately). The defendant's counterclaim for revocation was dismissed, the patent being upheld as valid. Costs were addressed separately.

    Show the legal issues (7)
    • UPC jurisdiction over pre-June 2023 infringement acts
    • Competence of chosen German local division
    • Bifurcation / referral of revocation counterclaim to Central Division and subsequent stay
    • Scope of injunctive relief under Art. 34 UPCA across all contracting states
    • Third-party interests in corrective measures (Art. 64(4) UPCA)
    • Medical device / patient safety carve-out in recall/destruction orders
    • Damages liability and quantum proceedings
  • 2024-09-06
    Infringement ActionPublic

    Summary: The Munich Local Division judge-rapporteur issued a procedural order in Edwards Lifesciences v. Meril concerning EP 3 646 825, addressing defendants' arguments that the Central Division Paris first-instance decision on the patent amendment application had failed to consider key invalidity arguments. The judge-rapporteur referred the matter to the full panel, noting that the appeal proceedings before the Court of Appeal would address the alleged deficiencies in the Paris decision.

    Show the legal issues (4)
    • Sufficiency of reasoning in first-instance decision (right to be heard)
    • Referral to full panel (R. 102.1 RoP)
    • Invalidity arguments not addressed in Paris Central Division decision
    • Counterclaim for revocation
  • 2023-09-29
    Infringement ActionPublic

    Summary: The Munich Local Division issued a procedural order setting out requirements for using official CMS forms and workflows, and clarifying that a security for costs application under Rule 158.1 RoP requires demonstration that the opposing party's financial circumstances give reason to fear a cost order cannot be enforced.

    Show the legal issues (3)
    • Security for costs (Rule 158.1 RoP)
    • CMS workflows (Rule 4.1 RoP)
    • Admissibility of applications
  • 2023-08-23
    Infringement ActionPublic

    Summary: The Munich Local Division addressed Meril GmbH's request to align deadline for filing the preliminary objection with the deadline running for co-defendant Meril Life Sciences, granting a moderate extension while noting that alignment can also be achieved by shortening later deadlines.

    Show the legal issues (3)
    • Deadline alignment for co-defendants
    • Deadline extension Rule 9.3 RoP
    • CMS access issues
  • 2023-08-10
    Infringement ActionPublic

    Summary: The Munich Local Division granted Meril GmbH's deadline extension request for filing a preliminary objection, allowing harmonisation of deadlines across co-defendants given service issues and CMS access problems encountered in the early days of the UPC.

    Show the legal issues (3)
    • Deadline extension Rule 9.3 RoP
    • CMS access issues
    • Harmonisation of deadlines for co-defendants
Documents
Document titleDatePublic
workflow geschlossen2025-04-03Public
Acknowledgement-of-change-of-a-representative2025-02-26Not public
Acknowledgement-of-change-of-a-representative2025-02-24Not public
Acknowledgement-of-change-of-a-representative2025-02-24Not public
Outcome of the Order2025-02-21Not public
Confirmation of appointment2025-02-21Public
Headnote-and-Keywords2025-02-18Not public
Outcome of the Order2025-02-18Not public
R 353 final2025-02-18Public
Application-RoP293-Receipt2025-02-11Not public
Formal-checks_Notification-of-positive-outcome2025-02-11Not public
Further comments2025-02-10Not public
Further comments2025-02-10Not public
Application-RoP293-Receipt2025-02-10Not public
Formal-checks_Notification-of-positive-outcome2025-02-10Not public
Application-RoP293-Receipt2025-02-06Not public
Formal-checks_Notification-of-positive-outcome2025-02-06Not public
Application-RoP2932025-02-06Not public
Application2025-02-06Not public
Application-RoP2932025-02-06Not public
Application2025-02-06Not public
Application-RoP2932025-02-06Not public
Application2025-02-06Not public
R 353 - comments (2)2025-01-23Not public
Comments on Request for Rectification2025-01-20Not public
Receipt2025-01-13Not public
Request - R. 115 RoP2025-01-11Not public
Headnote-and-Keyword-Translated2025-01-02Not public
R 353 - comments2024-12-30Not public
Receipt2024-12-17Not public
application for rectification2024-12-16Not public
Hearing Reference2024-12-13Not public
Hearing Reference2024-12-13Not public
Headnote-and-Keywords2024-11-15Not public
Headnote-and-Keywords2024-11-15Not public
Headnote-and-Keywords2024-11-15Not public
Headnote-and-Keywords2024-11-15Not public
DecisionOutcome2024-11-15Not public
decision final signed2024-11-15Public
Outcome of the Order2024-11-15Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-11-15Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-11-15Not public
R 9 final2024-11-15Public
R 9 final2024-11-15Public
R 9 final2024-11-15Public
Outcome of the Order2024-11-15Not public
R 353 final2024-11-15Public
Outcome of the Order2024-11-15Not public
R 353 final2024-11-15Public
Submission2024-11-13Not public
Submission2024-11-13Not public
R 9 - comments2024-11-12Not public
R 9 - comments2024-11-12Not public
Receipt2024-11-12Not public
Further submission regarding App_56354_20242024-11-08Not public
Receipt2024-11-05Not public
Comments2024-10-22Not public
Comments to Defendants' Application of 16 October 20242024-10-21Not public
R9 - comments2024-10-18Not public
Receipt2024-10-17Not public
Comments on request for rectification2024-10-16Not public
Comments on request for rectification2024-10-16Not public
Application2024-10-16Not public
Final order - 33487-2024 - 14.10.20242024-10-14Not public
Final Order - 33489-2024 - 14.10.20242024-10-14Not public
R 353 - comments2024-10-07Not public
Receipt2024-10-07Not public
Submission2024-10-02Not public
Request for Rectification2024-10-02Not public
Receipt2024-09-30Not public
R 353 - comments2024-09-25Not public
Submission Request V.2024-09-25Not public
Hearing Reference2024-09-25Not public
Hearing Reference2024-09-25Not public
Receipt2024-09-23Not public
Request for Rectification2024-09-18Not public
Receipt2024-09-17Not public
Receipt_physicalExhibit2024-09-16Not public
Confirmation of receipt - exhibits2024-09-16Not public
Receipt_physicalExhibit2024-09-16Not public
Confirmation of receipt - exhibits2024-09-16Not public
Submission of physical exhibit2024-09-16Not public
Physical object description2024-09-16Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-09-16Not public
physical objects HL 68-692024-09-16Public
Receipt2024-09-16Not public
Application - Submission of Physical Objects2024-09-13Not public
Exhibit HL 692024-09-13Not public
Exhibit HL 682024-09-13Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-09-13Not public
physical object K972024-09-13Public
Receipt2024-09-12Not public
Order R 105.52024-09-12Not public
Redacted Procedural Order2024-09-12Not public
Redacted Procedural Order2024-09-12Not public
Redacted Procedural Order2024-09-12Not public
Redacted Procedural Order2024-09-12Not public
Redacted Procedural Order2024-09-12Not public
Redacted Procedural Order2024-09-12Not public
Redacted Procedural Order2024-09-12Not public
Redacted Procedural Order2024-09-12Not public
Exhibit K 972024-09-11Not public
Submission2024-09-11Not public
Receipt2024-09-09Not public
Headnote-and-Keywords2024-09-06Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-09-06Not public
R 105.52024-09-06Public
R 105.52024-09-06Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-09-06Not public
R 105.52024-09-06Public
R 105.52024-09-06Not public
Exhibit HL 672024-09-06Not public
Information on requests for expedition2024-09-06Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-09-06Not public
R 105.52024-09-06Not public
R 105.52024-09-06Public
R 105.52024-09-06Not public
R 105.52024-09-06Public
Outcome of the Order2024-09-06Not public
R 105.52024-09-06Public
R 105.52024-09-06Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-09-06Not public
R 105.52024-09-06Public
R 105.52024-09-06Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-09-06Not public
R 105.52024-09-06Not public
R 105.52024-09-06Public
interimProcedureClosure2024-09-06Not public
summons2024-09-06Not public
R 105.52024-09-06Not public
R 105.52024-09-06Public
Hearing-Dates2024-09-06Not public
R 105.52024-09-06Public
R 105.52024-09-06Not public
Hearing Reference2024-09-06Not public
Hearing Reference2024-09-06Not public
Hearing Reference2024-09-06Not public
Hearing Reference2024-09-06Not public
Hearing Reference2024-09-06Not public
Hearing Reference2024-09-06Not public
Receipt2024-09-06Not public
Receipt2024-09-05Not public
Exhibit HL 662024-09-05Not public
Submission2024-09-05Not public
Exhibit K-B 42024-09-04Not public
Exhibit K-B 52024-09-04Not public
Submission2024-09-04Not public
Exhibit K-B 32024-09-04Not public
Exhibit K-B 22024-09-04Not public
Further Written Pleading2024-09-04Not public
Further Written Pleading2024-09-04Not public
Further submission regarding interim conference2024-09-04Not public
Comments2024-09-04Not public
Comments2024-09-04Not public
Comments2024-09-04Not public
Comments2024-09-04Not public
Receipt2024-09-03Not public
Further Submission - R. 2952024-09-02Not public
Exhibit HL-Stay 62024-09-02Not public
Exhibit HL-Stay 52024-09-02Not public
Submission2024-08-29Not public
Comments - Interim Conference2024-08-29Not public
Comments - Interim Conference2024-08-29Not public
Hearing-Dates2024-08-26Not public
R 9 - comments2024-08-26Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-08-26Not public
R 36 - final2024-08-26Public
R 263 - comments2024-08-26Not public
R 263 - comments2024-08-26Not public
Hearing-Dates2024-08-26Not public
R 295 - comments2024-08-26Not public
Receipt2024-08-26Not public
Receipt2024-08-26Not public
Application2024-08-23Not public
Exhibit HL-Stay 22024-08-23Not public
Exhibit HL-Stay 12024-08-23Not public
Exhibit HL-Stay 32024-08-23Not public
Request for Stay of Proceedings2024-08-23Not public
Exhibit HL-Stay 42024-08-23Not public
Receipt2024-08-13Not public
Receipt2024-08-13Not public
Receipt2024-08-13Not public
Exhibit K-A 22024-08-13Not public
Exhibit K-A 12024-08-13Not public
Exhibit K-A 32024-08-13Not public
Application2024-08-13Not public
Exhibit K-A 32024-08-13Not public
Application2024-08-13Not public
Exhibit K-A 12024-08-13Not public
Exhibit K-A 22024-08-13Not public
Application2024-08-13Not public
Exhibit K-B 12024-08-13Not public
Fix-Interim-Conference-Date2024-07-30Not public
interimConferenceDecision2024-07-30Not public
writtenProcedureClosure2024-07-30Not public
Dates IC and Oral hearing - comments2024-07-23Not public
Panel-Appointment2024-07-11Not public
Headnote-and-Keyword-Translated2024-05-14Not public
Headnote-and-Keyword-Translated2024-05-14Not public
Headnote-and-Keyword-Translated2024-05-14Not public
Headnote-and-Keywords2024-05-07Not public
Headnote-and-Keywords2024-05-07Not public
Receipt2024-04-23Not public
Translation Comments on PO2024-04-23Not public
Submission Translation2024-04-23Not public
Receipt2024-04-17Not public
Exhibit ARI-VI (Marked-Up Version)2024-04-16Not public
Exhibit EDW-E012024-04-16Not public
Exhibit EDW-E012024-04-16Not public
Exhibit ARI-VI (Clean Version)2024-04-16Not public
Submission2024-04-16Not public
Reply to Defence to Application to Amend2024-04-16Not public
Receipt2024-04-16Not public
Receipt2024-04-16Not public
Submission Translations2024-04-15Not public
Translation Statement of Claim2024-04-15Not public
Translation Reply2024-04-15Not public
Exhibit HL-E2b2024-04-15Not public
Exhibit HL-E4b2024-04-15Not public
Exhibit HL-E6a2024-04-15Not public
Exhibit HL-E3a2024-04-15Not public
Submission of translations2024-04-15Not public
Exhibit HL-E12024-04-15Not public
Exhibit HL-E5a2024-04-15Not public
Exhibit HL-E5b2024-04-15Not public
Exhibit HL-E2a2024-04-15Not public
Exhibit HL-E6b2024-04-15Not public
Exhibit HL-E3b2024-04-15Not public
Exhibit HL-E4a2024-04-15Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-04-12Not public
translations2024-04-12Public
Receipt2024-04-09Not public
Exhibit HL 012024-04-09Not public
Application2024-04-09Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-04-09Not public
clarification2024-04-09Public
Headnote-and-Keywords2024-04-05Not public
Receipt2024-04-05Not public
Receipt2024-04-05Not public
Receipt2024-04-05Not public
R.37 order - application of Art. 33(3) UPCA2024-03-28Not public
Submission2024-03-27Not public
opportunity to reply to R.9 application2024-03-26Not public
Receipt2024-03-26Not public
Application2024-03-25Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-03-15Not public
Order regarding the VC held 14.3.20242024-03-15Public
Outcome of the Order2024-03-15Not public
Order regarding the VC held 14.3.20242024-03-15Public
Outcome of the Order2024-03-15Not public
Order regarding the VC held 14.3.20242024-03-15Public
Stellungnahme2024-03-11Not public
Acknowledgement-of-lodging2024-03-11Not public
Duplik2024-03-11Not public
Acknowledgement-of-lodging2024-03-11Not public
Anlage HL 62a2024-03-11Not public
Anlage HL 602024-03-11Not public
Anlage HL 612024-03-11Not public
Anlage HL 592024-03-11Not public
Anlage HL 61a2024-03-11Not public
Anlage HL 622024-03-11Not public
Duplik2024-03-11Not public
Anlage HL 582024-03-11Not public
Anlage HL 63a2024-03-11Not public
Anlage HL 59a2024-03-11Not public
Anlage HL 642024-03-11Not public
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Anlage HL 562024-03-11Not public
Anlage HL 532024-03-11Not public
Anlage HL 552024-03-11Not public
Anlage HL 652024-03-11Not public
Anlage HL 572024-03-11Not public
Anlage HL 542024-03-11Not public
Stellungnahme2024-03-11Not public
Stellungnahme2024-03-11Not public
Receipt2024-03-07Not public
Stellungnahme2024-03-07Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-03-05Not public
R 105.2 and R 109.1 final2024-03-05Public
Outcome of the Order2024-03-05Not public
workstream closed2024-03-05Public
Receipt2024-03-01Not public
Receipt2024-03-01Not public
Receipt2024-03-01Not public
Themen für Zwischenanhörung2024-02-29Not public
K962024-02-29Not public
Anlage HLNK 512024-02-29Not public
Anlage HLNK 542024-02-29Not public
Anlage HLNK 522024-02-29Not public
Schriftsätzliche Zusammenfassung2024-02-29Not public
Anlage HLNK 532024-02-29Not public
Antrag Dolmetscher R. 109.4 RoP2024-02-29Not public
Stellungnahme2024-02-26Not public
Stellungnahme2024-02-26Not public
Receipt2024-02-23Not public
Stellungnahme2024-02-23Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-02-19Not public
R 305 - final2024-02-19Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-02-19Not public
R 263 - final2024-02-19Not public
R 105.2 und 109.1 - Möglichkeit zur Stellungnahme2024-02-16Not public
Receipt2024-02-13Not public
Antrag nach R. 105.2 und R. 109.12024-02-12Not public
Anlage HLKÄ 32024-02-11Not public
Anlage HLKÄ 12024-02-11Not public
Anlage HLKÄ 22024-02-11Not public
Anlage HLKÄ 42024-02-11Not public
Stellungnahme2024-02-11Not public
Anlage HLKÄ 22024-02-11Not public
Anlage HLKÄ 32024-02-11Not public
Anlage HLKÄ 42024-02-11Not public
Stellungnahme2024-02-11Not public
Anlage HLKÄ 12024-02-11Not public
Stellungnahme2024-02-11Not public
Stellungnahme2024-02-11Not public
R 305 - Möglichkeit zur Stellungnahme2024-02-06Not public
R 263 - Möglichkeit zur Stellungnahme2024-02-06Not public
Receipt2024-02-01Not public
Receipt2024-02-01Not public
Replik/Erwiderung auf Ni-Widerklage/Antrag auf Änderung2024-02-01Not public
Replik/Erwiderung auf Ni-Widerklage/Antrag auf Änderung2024-02-01Not public
R 37 - Möglichkeit zur Stellungnahme2024-01-26Not public
STN zu R. 372024-01-19Not public
Stellungnahme zur Frage der Handhabung der Regel 37 VerfO2024-01-19Not public
Stellungnahme zur Frage der Handhabung der Regel 37 VerfO2024-01-19Not public
Outcome of the Order2024-01-11Not public
Workflow wird geschlossen2024-01-11Not public
R 37 - Möglichkeit zur Stellungnahme2024-01-10Not public
Receipt2024-01-10Not public
K752024-01-09Not public
K832024-01-09Not public
Anlage HA0 DE-Änderungen2024-01-09Not public
K672024-01-09Not public
K912024-01-09Not public
K862024-01-09Not public
Anlage HA1-41 DE-Änderungen2024-01-09Not public
K872024-01-09Not public
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K562024-01-09Not public
K852024-01-09Not public
K612024-01-09Not public
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K562024-01-09Not public
Anlage HA1-41 EN-Reinfassung2024-01-09Not public
K902024-01-09Not public
Anlage HA1-41 EN-Änderungen2024-01-09Not public
K812024-01-09Not public
NKB22024-01-09Not public
Replik/Erwiderung auf Ni-Widerklage/Antrag auf Änderung2024-01-09Not public
K802024-01-09Not public
K512024-01-09Not public
K782024-01-09Not public
K70a2024-01-09Not public
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K712024-01-09Not public
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K842024-01-09Not public
Anlage HA0 EN-Änderungen2024-01-09Not public
K552024-01-09Not public
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Anlage HA1-41 DE-Reinfassung2024-01-09Not public
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Anlage HA0 EN-Reinfassung2024-01-09Not public
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Anlage HA0 DE-Reinfassung2024-01-09Not public
K952024-01-09Not public
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K722024-01-09Not public
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K932024-01-09Not public
Hearing-Dates2023-12-28Not public
Umladung2023-12-28Not public
Hearing-Dates2023-12-21Not public
Terminsladung2023-12-08Not public
Hearing-Dates2023-12-08Not public
Hochladen der Replik2023-11-03Not public
Klageerwiderung2023-11-02Not public
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Anlage HL 11a2023-11-02Not public
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Anlage HL 21a2023-11-02Not public
Anlage HL 272023-11-02Not public
Klageerwiderung2023-11-02Not public
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Anlage HL 9b2023-11-02Not public
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Anlage HL 172023-11-02Not public
Anlage HL 112023-11-02Not public
Anlage HL 412023-11-02Not public
Anlage HL 452023-11-02Not public
Anlage HL 392023-11-02Not public
Anlage HL 222023-11-02Not public
Anlage HL 9a2023-11-02Not public
Anlage HL 12a2023-11-02Not public
Anlage HL 512023-11-02Not public
Anlage HL 262023-11-02Not public
Hochladen KE B22023-11-02Not public
Hochladen KE durch B12023-11-02Not public
Template-Order2023-11-02Not public
Hochladen KE durch B12023-11-02Not public
Hochladen der KE2023-11-02Not public
Einspruch ist im Hauptverfahren zu behandeln2023-09-29Not public
Acknowledgement-of-lodging2023-09-26Not public
K45a2023-09-26Not public
K452023-09-26Not public
K432023-09-26Not public
K472023-09-26Not public
K462023-09-26Not public
Comments to Preliminary Objection2023-09-26Not public
K482023-09-26Not public
K492023-09-26Not public
K442023-09-26Not public
Acknowledgement-of-lodging2023-09-26Not public
K482023-09-26Not public
Comments to Preliminary Objection2023-09-26Not public
K462023-09-26Not public
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Coverage: Partial.Reasoning extracted with partial coverage — some sections may be incomplete.
Plain-English summary

Edwards Lifesciences Corporation sued Meril GmbH and Meril Life Sciences for infringement of EP 3 646 825, a heart valve technology patent, before the Munich Local Division. Following bifurcation and the Central Division Paris upholding the patent in amended form, the Munich Local Division found infringement of transcatheter heart valve products, granted a permanent injunction across all UPC contracting states, ordered recall and destruction (with a carve-out for XL devices already scheduled for patient implantation), and awarded EUR 663,000 in preliminary damages. The counterclaim for revocation was dismissed.

Accepted arguments
What the court agreed with — by party.
  • UPC has jurisdiction over acts of infringement committed before 1 June 2023

    ClaimantLegal basis: Art. 3(c) and 32(1)(a) UPCA

    Note: The Munich Local Division held that the UPC's jurisdiction extends to pre-UPCA infringement acts, in the absence of conflicting intertemporal provisions.

  • Infringement action may proceed and be decided despite referral of counterclaim for revocation to the Central Division

    ClaimantLegal basis: Art. 32(3b) UPCA; R. 295(c)(i) and (m) RoP

    Note: Following bifurcation and the Central Division Paris upholding the patent (in amended form), the local division found it was required to proceed with the infringement decision; a stay post-central division decision is limited to exceptional circumstances (manifestly prima facie erroneous decisions).

  • Injunctive relief and corrective measures may be ordered across all contracting member states where the patent has effect

    ClaimantLegal basis: Art. 34 UPCA

    Note: The court confirmed that pan-European relief is available once infringement is proven for at least one contracting member state, which Edwards established.

  • Third-party interests (patient safety) must be considered in scope of corrective measures

    RespondentLegal basis: Art. 64(4) UPCA

    Note: The court partially accepted this argument, carving out XL devices already scheduled for patient implantation by 15 November 2024 from the recall and destruction orders.

Rejected arguments
What the court did not agree with — and why.
  • Stay of infringement proceedings warranted because Central Division Paris decision was manifestly and prima facie erroneous for failing to consider key invalidity arguments

    RespondentLegal basis: R. 295(c)(i) RoP

    Reason: The local division held that a stay post-central division decision is only available in exceptional circumstances where the decision is manifestly and prima facie erroneous; the alleged failure to address certain arguments did not meet this threshold, and appeal proceedings were already pending.

  • Patent EP 3 646 825 is invalid (counterclaim for revocation)

    RespondentLegal basis: Art. 65 UPCA

    Reason: The counterclaim for revocation was dismissed; the patent had been upheld (in amended form) by the Central Division Paris Section and was held valid for purposes of the infringement action.

Prior art relied on
References cited and the role they played.
  • Levi (Exhibit HLNK 39)Obviousness combination
  • Alon (Exhibit HLNK 49)Obviousness combination
  • Fontaine (Exhibit HLNK 25)Obviousness combination
  • EP 3 583 920 B1 (family member)Background
Claim construction notes

The excerpt references that the patent was upheld by the Central Division Paris in its auxiliary request 2 form, meaning the infringement decision was based on amended claim scope. Meril argued the Paris Central Division failed to address added-matter resulting from omission of 'sealing device' feature, novelty attacks based on specific embodiments of Levi, and inventive step starting from Alon alone or combined with Fontaine — but these were appeal points rather than claim construction issues resolved in the infringement judgment itself.